Raws li kev tsim khoom mus rau kev hloov pauv siab, kev loj hlob sai hauv kev lag luam ntawm lub zog huv thiab kev lag luam semiconductor thiab photovoltaic, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev ua haujlwm siab, cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond xav tau ntau ntxiv, tab sis hmoov pob zeb diamond dag ua cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, lub zog tuav ntawm pob zeb diamond thiab lub matrix tsis muaj zog yooj yim thaum ntxov carbide lub neej tsis ntev. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, kev lag luam feem ntau siv cov khoom siv hlau los pleev xim rau saum npoo ntawm pob zeb diamond hmoov, los txhim kho nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw, txhim kho kev ruaj khov, kom txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej.
Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond muaj ntau yam, suav nrog tshuaj plating, electroplating, magnetron sputtering plating, nqus tsev evaporation plating, kub tawg reaction, thiab lwm yam., suav nrog tshuaj plating thiab plating nrog cov txheej txheem mature, txheej sib xws, tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov sib xyaw thiab tuab ntawm cov txheej, qhov zoo ntawm kev kho kom haum, tau dhau los ua ob txoj kev siv tshuab hauv kev lag luam.
1. tshuaj plating
Kev siv tshuaj pleev xim rau pob zeb diamond yog muab cov hmoov pob zeb diamond uas tau kho lawm tso rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev xim, thiab tso cov hlau ions rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev xim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg sawv cev txo qis hauv cov tshuaj pleev xim, tsim cov hlau txheej tuab. Tam sim no, cov tshuaj pleev xim pob zeb diamond feem ntau siv yog tshuaj pleev xim nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) binary alloy feem ntau hu ua tshuaj pleev xim nickel.
01 Cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj nickel plating kua
Cov tshuaj plating muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev ua kom du, ruaj khov, thiab zoo ntawm cov tshuaj. Feem ntau nws muaj cov ntsev tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj txo, cov tshuaj ua kom sib xyaw, cov tshuaj buffer, cov tshuaj stabilizer, cov tshuaj accelerator, cov tshuaj surfactant thiab lwm yam khoom. Yuav tsum kho qhov sib piv ntawm txhua yam khoom kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj.
1, ntsev tseem ceeb: feem ntau yog nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel amino sulfonic acid, nickel carbonate, thiab lwm yam., Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog muab nickel qhov chaw.
2. Tus neeg sawv cev txo qis: nws feem ntau muab cov hydrogen atomic, txo Ni2 + hauv cov tshuaj plating rau hauv Ni thiab tso nws rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov pob zeb diamond, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov tshuaj plating. Hauv kev lag luam, sodium secondary phosphate nrog lub peev xwm txo qis muaj zog, tus nqi qis thiab kev ruaj khov plating zoo feem ntau yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis. Lub kaw lus txo qis tuaj yeem ua tiav cov tshuaj plating ntawm qhov kub qis thiab kub siab.
3, tus neeg sawv cev ua ke: cov tshuaj pleev xim tuaj yeem ua rau muaj nag lossis daus, txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj pleev xim, txuas ntxiv lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj plating, txhim kho qhov ceev ntawm nickel deposition, txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheej, feem ntau siv succinin acid, citric acid, lactic acid thiab lwm yam organic acids thiab lawv cov ntsev.
4. Lwm yam khoom: lub stabilizer tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev lwj ntawm cov tshuaj plating, tab sis vim nws yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj plating reaction, xav tau kev siv nruab nrab; lub buffer tuaj yeem tsim H + thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj nickel plating reaction kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ruaj khov ntawm pH; cov surfactant tuaj yeem txo qhov porosity ntawm txheej.
02 Cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg nickel-plating
Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm sodium hypophosphate system yuav tsum tau ua kom lub matrix muaj qee yam catalytic activity, thiab qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb diamond nws tus kheej tsis muaj catalytic activity center, yog li nws yuav tsum tau pretreated ua ntej siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm pob zeb diamond hmoov. Txoj kev kho mob ib txwm muaj ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg yog kev tshem tawm roj, coarsening, sensitization thiab activation.
(1) Tshem tawm roj, ua kom ntxhib: Tshem tawm roj yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov roj, cov xim av thiab lwm yam kuab paug organic ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond, kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej tom ntej sib haum thiab ua tau zoo. Qhov ntxhib tuaj yeem tsim qee qhov me me thiab cov kab nrib pleb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb diamond, ua rau qhov ntxhib ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb diamond nce ntxiv, uas tsis yog tsuas yog pab txhawb kev nqus cov hlau ions hauv qhov chaw no, pab txhawb kev siv tshuaj plating thiab electroplating tom qab, tab sis kuj tsim cov kauj ruam ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb diamond, muab cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj plating lossis electroplating hlau deposition txheej.
Feem ntau, cov kauj ruam tshem tawm roj feem ntau siv NaOH thiab lwm cov kua alkaline ua cov roj tshem tawm, thiab rau cov kauj ruam coarsening, cov kua nitric acid thiab lwm cov kua acid yog siv ua cov tshuaj nyoos los txiav cov pob zeb diamond nto. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob qhov txuas no yuav tsum tau siv nrog lub tshuab ntxuav ultrasonic, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj hmoov pob zeb diamond tshem tawm thiab coarsening, txuag lub sijhawm hauv cov txheej txheem tshem tawm roj thiab coarsening, thiab xyuas kom meej cov nyhuv ntawm kev tshem tawm roj thiab kev sib tham coarse,
(2) Kev ua kom khaus thiab ua kom lub zog: cov txheej txheem ua kom khaus thiab ua kom lub zog yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem plating tshuaj, uas muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau seb puas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov tshuaj plating. Kev ua kom khaus yog kom nqus cov tshuaj yooj yim oxidized ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond uas tsis muaj peev xwm autocatalytic. Kev ua kom lub zog yog kom nqus cov oxidation ntawm hypophosphoric acid thiab cov hlau ions catalytic (xws li hlau palladium) ntawm kev txo cov khoom nickel, yog li ua kom nrawm dua qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov txheej ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond.
Feem ntau hais lus, lub sijhawm kho mob sensitization thiab activation luv dhau, qhov tsim ntawm cov hlau palladium point ntawm pob zeb diamond tsawg dua, qhov adsorption ntawm cov txheej tsis txaus, cov txheej txheej yooj yim poob lossis nyuaj rau tsim cov txheej txheej tiav, thiab lub sijhawm kho mob ntev dhau, yuav ua rau cov palladium point pov tseg, yog li ntawd, lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kho mob sensitization thiab activation yog 20 ~ 30 feeb.
(3) Kev siv tshuaj nickel plating: cov txheej txheem tshuaj nickel plating tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj pleev xim xwb, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab PH ntawm cov tshuaj pleev xim. Cov tshuaj nickel plating kub siab ib txwm muaj, qhov kub dav dav yuav nyob rau hauv 80 ~ 85 ℃, ntau dua 85 ℃ yooj yim ua rau cov tshuaj plating lwj, thiab ntawm qhov kub qis dua 85 ℃, qhov nrawm dua ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntawm PH tus nqi, raws li pH nce tus nqi tso txheej yuav nce, tab sis pH kuj tseem yuav ua rau cov ntsev nickel sediment tsim inhibit tus nqi tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog li thaum lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj nickel plating los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov khoom xyaw thiab piv ntawm cov tshuaj plating, cov xwm txheej ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj plating, tswj tus nqi tso txheej tshuaj, qhov ceev ntawm txheej, kev tiv thaiv corrosion txheej, txheej ceev, txheej hmoov pob zeb diamond kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, ib txheej txheej yuav tsis ua tiav qhov tuab ntawm txheej txheej zoo tagnrho, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj npuas, qhov thiab lwm yam tsis zoo, yog li ntau txheej txheej tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm txheej txheej thiab ua kom cov hmoov pob zeb diamond sib xyaw ua ke ntau dua.
2. electron nickeling
Vim tias muaj phosphorus nyob rau hauv txheej txheej tom qab pob zeb diamond tshuaj nickel plating, nws ua rau muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo, uas cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem xuab zeb ntawm cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond (cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho cov pob zeb diamond me me rau ntawm qhov chaw matrix), yog li cov txheej plating tsis muaj phosphorus tuaj yeem siv rau hauv txoj kev ntawm nickel plating. Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog muab cov hmoov pob zeb diamond rau hauv cov tshuaj txheej uas muaj nickel ions, cov pob zeb diamond me me sib cuag nrog lub zog tsis zoo electrode rau hauv cathode, nickel hlau thaiv immersed nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj plating thiab txuas nrog lub zog zoo electrode los ua anode, los ntawm kev ua electrolytic, cov nickel ions dawb hauv cov tshuaj txheej raug txo kom atoms ntawm qhov chaw pob zeb diamond, thiab cov atoms loj hlob mus rau hauv txheej.
01 Cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj plating
Ib yam li cov tshuaj plating tshuaj, cov tshuaj electroplating feem ntau muab cov hlau ions tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem electroplating, thiab tswj cov txheej txheem tso nickel kom tau txais cov hlau txheej uas xav tau. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog ntsev tseem ceeb, tus neeg sawv cev anode, tus neeg sawv cev buffer, cov khoom ntxiv thiab lwm yam.
(1) Cov ntsev tseem ceeb: feem ntau yog siv nickel sulfate, nickel amino sulfonate, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, qhov siab dua ntawm cov ntsev tseem ceeb concentration, qhov ceev dua qhov diffusion hauv cov plating kua, qhov siab dua qhov tam sim no efficiency, qhov siab dua cov hlau deposition nqi, tab sis cov txheej txheej yuav ua coarse, thiab qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntsev tseem ceeb concentration, qhov phem dua conductivity ntawm lub txheej, thiab nyuaj rau tswj.
(2) Tus neeg sawv cev anode: vim tias qhov anode yooj yim rau passivation, yooj yim rau kev coj ua tsis zoo, cuam tshuam rau qhov sib npaug ntawm kev faib tawm tam sim no, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ntxiv nickel chloride, sodium chloride thiab lwm yam neeg sawv cev ua tus anodic activator los txhawb kev ua haujlwm anode, txhim kho qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm anode passivation.
(3) Tus neeg sawv cev tsis siv neeg: zoo li cov tshuaj plating, tus neeg sawv cev tsis siv neeg tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj plating thiab cathode pH, yog li nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv qhov ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem electroplating. Tus neeg sawv cev tsis siv neeg feem ntau muaj boric acid, acetic acid, sodium bicarbonate thiab lwm yam.
(4) Lwm cov khoom ntxiv: raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov txheej, ntxiv cov khoom ci ntsa iab, cov khoom sib npaug, cov khoom ntub dej thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv kom zoo dua qub ntawm cov txheej.
02 Pob zeb diamond electroplated nickel ntws
1. Kev kho ua ntej plating: pob zeb diamond feem ntau tsis conductive, thiab yuav tsum tau plated nrog ib txheej hlau los ntawm lwm cov txheej txheem txheej. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj plating feem ntau siv los ua ntej plating ib txheej hlau thiab tuab, yog li qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj txheej yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej plating rau qee qhov. Feem ntau hais lus, cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus hauv cov txheej tom qab tshuaj plating muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej, thiab cov txheej phosphorus siab muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo dua hauv cov chaw acidic, qhov chaw txheej muaj ntau dua qhov mob qog nqaij hlav, qhov chaw loj roughness thiab tsis muaj khoom sib nqus; cov txheej phosphorus nruab nrab muaj ob qho tib si corrosion tsis kam thiab hnav tsis kam; cov txheej phosphorus qis muaj kev coj ua zoo dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, qhov me me ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond, qhov loj dua ntawm thaj chaw tshwj xeeb, thaum txheej, yooj yim ntab hauv cov tshuaj plating, yuav ua rau muaj kev xau, plating, txheej txheej xoob, ua ntej plating, yuav tsum tswj cov ntsiab lus P thiab qhov zoo ntawm txheej, los tswj cov conductivity thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond kom txhim kho cov hmoov yooj yim ntab.
2, nickel plating: tam sim no, cov hmoov pob zeb diamond plating feem ntau siv txoj kev dov txheej, uas yog, ntxiv cov tshuaj electroplating kom raug rau hauv lub raj mis, muab qee cov hmoov pob zeb diamond cuav rau hauv cov tshuaj electroplating, los ntawm kev tig lub raj mis, tsav cov hmoov pob zeb diamond hauv lub raj mis kom dov. Tib lub sijhawm, lub electrode zoo txuas nrog lub thaiv nickel, thiab lub electrode tsis zoo txuas nrog cov hmoov pob zeb diamond cuav. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm lub teb hluav taws xob, cov ions nickel dawb hauv cov tshuaj plating tsim cov hlau nickel rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond cuav. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no muaj teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab kev txheej tsis sib xws, yog li txoj kev tig electrode tau tshwm sim.
Txoj kev tig electrode yog tig lub cathode hauv cov hmoov pob zeb diamond plating. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem ua rau thaj chaw sib cuag ntawm electrode thiab cov pob zeb diamond loj dua, ua rau muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom me me, txhim kho qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov txheej txheem, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob zeb diamond nickel plating.
kev piav qhia luv luv
Raws li cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond, kev hloov kho qhov chaw ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond micropowder yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los txhim kho lub zog tswj matrix thiab txhim kho lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov nrawm ntawm cov xuab zeb thauj khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond, ib txheej ntawm nickel thiab phosphorus feem ntau tuaj yeem plated rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond micropowder kom muaj qee qhov conductivity, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom cov txheej plating tuab los ntawm nickel plating, thiab txhim kho conductivity. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qhov chaw pob zeb diamond nws tus kheej tsis muaj lub chaw ua haujlwm catalytic, yog li nws yuav tsum tau pretreated ua ntej cov tshuaj plating.
cov ntaub ntawv siv los ua piv txwv:
Liu Han. Kev kawm txog cov txheej txheem txheej saum npoo thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov hmoov pob zeb diamond cuav [D]. Zhongyuan Institute of Technology.
Yang Biao, Yang Jun, thiab Yuan Guangsheng. Kev kawm txog cov txheej txheem ua ntej ntawm cov txheej txheem pob zeb diamond [J]. Kev teeb tsa qhov chaw.
Li Jinghua. Kev tshawb fawb txog kev hloov kho qhov chaw thiab kev siv cov hmoov pob zeb diamond me me uas siv rau kev txiav hlau [D]. Zhongyuan Institute of Technology.
Fang Lili, Zheng Lian, Wu Yanfei, thiab lwm yam. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg nickel plating ntawm cov pob zeb diamond cuav [J]. Phau ntawv xov xwm ntawm IOL.
Tsab xov xwm no tau luam tawm dua hauv lub network khoom siv superhard
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-13-2025
