Raws li kev tsim khoom mus rau high-end transformation, txoj kev loj hlob sai nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm lub zog huv si thiab semiconductor thiab photovoltaic kev lag luam kev loj hlob, nrog high efficiency thiab high precision ua muaj peev xwm ntawm pob zeb diamond cov cuab yeej loj hlob thov, tab sis dag pob zeb diamond hmoov raws li qhov tseem ceeb raw khoom, pob zeb diamond county thiab lub matrix tuav quab yuam yog tsis muaj zog yooj yim thaum ntxov carbide cuab tam lub neej tsis ntev. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, kev lag luam feem ntau siv cov pob zeb diamond hmoov txheej txheej nrog cov ntaub ntawv hlau, txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov yam ntxwv saum npoo, txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg, txhawm rau txhim kho tag nrho cov cuab yeej zoo.
Cov pob zeb diamond hmoov txheej txheej txheej yog ntau dua, nrog rau cov tshuaj plating, electroplating, magnetron sputtering plating, nqus evaporation plating, kub tawg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam., nrog rau cov tshuaj plating thiab plating nrog cov txheej txheem paub tab, txheej txheej, muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov txheej txheem txheej thiab tuab, qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, tau dhau los ua kev lag luam ob feem ntau siv tshuab.
1. tshuaj plating
Pob zeb diamond hmoov chemical txheej yog muab cov tshuaj kho pob zeb diamond hmoov rau hauv cov tshuaj txheej txheej, thiab tso cov hlau ions hauv cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm tus neeg sawv cev txo qis hauv cov tshuaj txheej txheej, tsim cov txheej txheej hlau. Tam sim no, feem ntau siv pob zeb diamond chemical plating yog tshuaj nickel plating-phosphorus (Ni-P) binary alloy feem ntau hu ua tshuaj npib tsib xee plating.
01 Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj nickel plating tov
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj plating muaj kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm du, ruaj khov thiab txheej txheej zoo ntawm nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws feem ntau muaj cov ntsev tseem ceeb, txo tus neeg sawv cev, complexer, tsis, stabilizer, accelerator, surfactant thiab lwm yam khoom. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm txhua qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kho kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws.
1, lub ntsiab ntsev: feem ntau yog npib tsib xee sulfate, npib tsib xee chloride, npib tsib xee amino sulfonic acid, npib tsib xee carbonate, thiab lwm yam., nws lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb yog muab nickel qhov chaw.
2. Tus neeg sawv cev txo qis: nws tsuas yog muab atomic hydrogen, txo Ni2 + hauv cov tshuaj plating rau Ni thiab tso nws rau saum npoo ntawm pob zeb diamond hais, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov tshuaj plating. Hauv kev lag luam, sodium theem nrab phosphate nrog lub peev xwm txo qis, tus nqi qis thiab zoo plating stability feem ntau yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo. Qhov kev txo qis tuaj yeem ua tiav cov tshuaj plating ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
3, complex tus neeg sawv cev: cov txheej txheej tuaj yeem ua rau nag lossis daus, txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txheej txheej, txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov tshuaj plating, txhim kho qhov ceev ntawm cov npib tsib xee, txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm txheej txheej, feem ntau siv succinin acid, citric acid, lactic acid thiab lwm yam organic acids thiab lawv cov ntsev.
4. Lwm yam khoom siv: lub stabilizer tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov decomposition ntawm cov tshuaj plating, tab sis vim tias nws yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj plating cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, xav tau kev siv me ntsis; qhov tsis tuaj yeem tsim H + thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj nickel plating cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm pH; cov surfactant tuaj yeem txo cov txheej porosity.
02 Cov txheej txheem tshuaj nickel-plating
Cov tshuaj plating ntawm sodium hypophosphate system xav kom cov matrix yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev ua haujlwm catalytic, thiab pob zeb diamond nto nws tus kheej tsis muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm catalytic, yog li nws yuav tsum tau pretreated ua ntej cov tshuaj plating ntawm pob zeb diamond hmoov. Cov txheej txheem pretreatment ntawm cov tshuaj plating yog cov roj tshem tawm, coarsening, rhiab heev thiab ua kom muaj zog.
(1) Kev tshem tawm roj, coarsening: kev tshem tawm roj yog tsuas yog tshem tawm cov roj, stains thiab lwm yam kuab paug nyob rau saum npoo ntawm pob zeb diamond hmoov, los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej tom ntej. Lub coarsening tuaj yeem tsim qee qhov me me thiab cov kab nrib pleb ntawm pob zeb diamond, ua rau lub ntsej muag roughness ntawm pob zeb diamond, uas tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov adsorption ntawm cov hlau ions nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no, pab txhawb cov tshuaj tom qab plating thiab electroplating, tab sis kuj tsim cov kauj ruam ntawm pob zeb diamond, muab cov kev mob zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj plating lossis electroplating hlau deposition.
Feem ntau, cov kauj ruam tshem tawm cov roj feem ntau yog siv cov NaOH thiab lwm cov tshuaj alkaline raws li cov roj tshem tawm, thiab rau cov kauj ruam coarsening, cov nitric acid thiab lwm cov kua qaub yog siv los ua cov tshuaj lom neeg rau etch lub pob zeb diamond nto. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob qhov txuas no yuav tsum tau siv nrog lub tshuab ntxuav ultrasonic, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev txhim kho cov pob zeb diamond hmoov cov roj tshem tawm thiab coarsening, txuag lub sijhawm ntawm cov roj tshem tawm thiab coarsening txheej txheem, thiab xyuas kom meej cov nyhuv ntawm cov roj tshem tawm thiab sib tham ntxhib,
(2) rhiab heev thiab ua kom: qhov rhiab heev thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem chemical plating, uas yog ncaj qha ntsig txog seb cov tshuaj plating tuaj yeem ua tau. Sensitization yog adsorb yooj yim oxidized tshuaj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm pob zeb diamond hmoov uas tsis muaj peev xwm autocatalytic. Kev ua kom muaj zog yog adsorb cov oxidation ntawm hypophosphoric acid thiab catalytically active hlau ions (xws li hlau palladium) ntawm kev txo cov nickel hais, thiaj li yuav ceev cov deposition nqi ntawm txheej ntawm pob zeb diamond hmoov.
Feem ntau hais lus, rhiab heev thiab ua kom lub sij hawm kho mob yog luv luv, lub pob zeb diamond nto hlau palladium taw tes tsim yog tsawg, lub adsorption ntawm txheej yog tsis txaus, txheej txheej yog ib qho yooj yim mus poob los yog nyuaj rau tsim ib tug ua tiav txheej, thiab lub sij hawm kho yog ntev dhau lawm, yuav ua rau lub palladium point point pov tseg, yog li ntawd, lub sij hawm zoo tshaj plaws rau ivation yog 20 min activation.
(3) Cov tshuaj nickel plating: cov txheej txheem tshuaj nickel plating tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm txheej txheej, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm txheej txheej kub thiab PH nqi. Kev kub kub tshuaj npib tsib xee plating, qhov dav dav yuav nyob rau hauv 80 ~ 85 ℃, ntau tshaj 85 ℃ yooj yim ua rau decomposition ntawm cov tshuaj plating, thiab nyob rau hauv qis dua 85 ℃ kub, qhov ceev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntawm PH tus nqi, raws li pH nce txheej deposition tus nqi yuav nce, tab sis cov pH kuj yuav ua rau nickel ntsev sediment tsim inhibit tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi, yog li nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj npib tsib xee plating los ntawm optimizing cov tshuaj plating tov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab piv, tshuaj plating txheej txheem, tswj cov tshuaj txheej txheej deposition npaum li cas, txheej ceev, txheej txheej corrosion density hmoov, txheej txheem kev lag luam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ib txheej txheej yuav tsis ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws txheej tuab, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj npuas, pinholes thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag, yog li ntau txheej tuaj yeem coj los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej thiab ua rau kom tawg ntawm cov pob zeb diamond coated.
2. electro nickelling
Vim tias muaj phosphorus nyob rau hauv txheej txheej tom qab pob zeb diamond tshuaj npib tsib xee plating, nws ua rau tsis zoo hluav taws xob conductivity, uas cuam tshuam rau cov xuab zeb loading txheej txheem ntawm lub pob zeb diamond cuab tam (txheej txheem ntawm kho cov pob zeb diamond hais rau ntawm lub matrix nto), yog li cov plating txheej tsis muaj phosphorus yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm nickel plating. Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog muab cov pob zeb diamond hmoov rau hauv txheej txheej uas muaj cov nickel ions, pob zeb diamond hais txog lub zog tsis zoo electrode rau hauv cathode, npib tsib xee hlau thaiv rau hauv cov tshuaj plating thiab txuas nrog lub zog zoo electrode los ua cov anode, los ntawm kev ua electrolytic, cov dawb npib tsib xee ions hauv cov txheej txheej yog txo rau atoms ntawm lub pob zeb diamond txheej, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo.
01 Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj plating
Zoo li cov tshuaj plating tshuaj, cov tshuaj electroplating tsuas yog muab cov hlau ions tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem electroplating, thiab tswj cov txheej txheem nickel deposition kom tau txais cov txheej txheem hlau. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog cov ntsev tseem ceeb, anode active agent, tsis yog tus neeg sawv cev, additives thiab lwm yam.
(1) Cov ntsev tseem ceeb: feem ntau yog siv cov nickel sulfate, npib tsib xee amino sulfonate, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, qhov siab dua cov ntsev tseem ceeb, qhov nrawm dua ntawm cov tshuaj plating, qhov ua tau zoo dua tam sim no, cov hlau deposition npaum li cas, tab sis cov txheej nplej yuav ntxhib, thiab qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntsev tseem ceeb, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txheej txheej, thiab nyuaj rau kev tswj.
(2) Anode active tus neeg sawv cev: vim hais tias cov anode yog ib qho yooj yim rau passivation, yooj yim rau cov neeg pluag conductivity, cuam tshuam lub uniformity ntawm tam sim no tis, yog li nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv nickel chloride, sodium chloride thiab lwm tus neeg ua hauj lwm raws li anodic activator los txhawb anode activation, txhim kho qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm anode passivation.
(3) Buffer tus neeg saib xyuas: zoo li cov tshuaj plating tshuaj, tus neeg sawv cev tsis tuaj yeem tswj xyuas qhov txheeb ze ntawm cov tshuaj plating thiab cathode pH, kom nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv qhov kev tso cai ntawm cov txheej txheem electroplating. Cov neeg sawv cev tsis zoo muaj boric acid, acetic acid, sodium bicarbonate thiab lwm yam.
(4) Lwm yam additives: raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm txheej, ntxiv ib tug zoo npaum li cas ntawm kaj tus neeg saib xyuas, leveling tus neeg saib xyuas, wetting tus neeg saib xyuas thiab lwm yam neeg sawv cev thiab lwm yam additives los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm txheej.
02 Pob zeb diamond electroplated npib tsib xee ntws
1. pretreatment ua ntej plating: pob zeb diamond feem ntau tsis conductive, thiab yuav tsum tau plated nrog ib txheej ntawm hlau los ntawm lwm cov txheej txheem txheej. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj plating feem ntau yog siv los ua ntej plating txheej ntawm cov hlau thiab thicken, yog li qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj txheej yuav cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheej plating rau qee yam. Feem ntau hais lus, cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus nyob rau hauv txheej tom qab chemical plating muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov txheej txheem zoo, thiab cov phosphorus txheej txheej muaj qhov zoo dua corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv acidic ib puag ncig, txheej txheej muaj ntau cov qog nqaij hlav, loj nto roughness thiab tsis muaj cov khoom sib nqus; nruab nrab phosphorus txheej muaj ob qho tib si corrosion kuj thiab hnav tsis kam; Qhov qis phosphorus txheej muaj kuj zoo dua conductivity.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov me me me me ntawm cov pob zeb diamond hmoov, qhov loj dua qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw, thaum txheej txheej, yooj yim rau ntab hauv cov txheej txheem plating, yuav tsim cov dej xau, plating, txheej txheej xoob txheej tshwm sim, ua ntej plating, yuav tsum tswj cov ntsiab lus P thiab txheej zoo, tswj cov conductivity thiab ntom ntawm pob zeb diamond hmoov los txhim kho cov hmoov yooj yim rau ntab.
2, npib tsib xee plating: tam sim no, pob zeb diamond hmoov plating feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem dov, uas yog, txoj cai ntawm cov tshuaj electroplating yog ntxiv rau hauv lub raj mis, ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov pob zeb diamond dag rau hauv cov tshuaj electroplating, los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub raj mis, tsav lub pob zeb diamond hmoov hauv lub raj mis kom yob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov zoo electrode txuas nrog cov nickel block, thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode txuas nrog cov pob zeb diamond dag. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hluav taws xob teb, cov npib tsib xee ions dawb nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj plating daim ntawv hlau npib tsib xee rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv pob zeb diamond hmoov. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no muaj cov teeb meem ntawm cov txheej txheem qis thiab cov txheej txheem tsis sib xws, yog li txoj kev sib hloov electrode tau los ua.
Txoj kev tig electrode yog tig lub cathode hauv pob zeb diamond hmoov plating. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem ua rau thaj chaw sib txuas ntawm cov electrode thiab pob zeb diamond hais, ua kom cov khoom sib xws ntawm cov khoom, txhim kho qhov tshwm sim tsis sib xws ntawm txheej, thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom ntawm pob zeb diamond nickel plating.
Cov ntsiab lus luv luv
Raws li cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond, kev hloov kho saum npoo ntawm pob zeb diamond micropowder yog ib qho tseem ceeb txhais tau tias txhawm rau txhim kho matrix tswj quab yuam thiab txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov cuab yeej. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov xuab zeb thauj khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond, txheej txheej ntawm npib tsib xee thiab phosphorus feem ntau tuaj yeem raug plated rau ntawm pob zeb diamond micropowder kom muaj qee yam conductivity, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom tuab txheej txheej los ntawm npib tsib xee plating, thiab txhim kho cov conductivity. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lub pob zeb diamond nto nws tus kheej tsis muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm catalytic, yog li nws yuav tsum tau pretreated ua ntej cov tshuaj plating.
cov ntaub ntawv siv:
Liu Han. Kawm txog cov txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov pob zeb diamond micro hmoov [D]. Zhongyuan lub koom haum ntawm Technology.
Yang Biao, Yang Jun, thiab Yuan Guangsheng. Kawm txog cov txheej txheem pretreatment ntawm pob zeb diamond nto txheej [J]. Qhov chaw qhov chaw standardization.
Li Jinghua. Kev tshawb fawb txog kev hloov kho saum npoo thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm pob zeb diamond micro hmoov siv rau hlau pom [D]. Zhongyuan lub koom haum ntawm Technology.
Fang Lili, Zheng Lian, Wu Yanfei, et al. Tshuaj nickel plating txheej txheem ntawm pob zeb diamond nto [J]. Phau ntawv Journal ntawm IOL.
Kab lus no yog rov luam tawm hauv cov khoom siv superhard network
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Mar-13-2025
